ribosomal RNA

ribosomal RNA
Abbreviation: rRNA
The RNA molecules that are essential structural and functional components of ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs. Different classes of rRNA molecule are identified by their sedimentation (S) values. E. coli ribosomes contain one 16S rRNA molecule (1541 nucleotides long) in one (small) ribosomal sub-unit, and a 23S rRNA (2904 nucleotides) and a 5S rRNA (120 nucleotides) in the other (large) sub-unit. These three rRNA molecules are synthesized as part of a large precursor molecule which also contains the sequences of a number of tRNAs. Special processing enzymes cleave this large precursor to generate the functional molecules. Constitutes about 80% of total cellular RNA.

Glossary of Biotechnology for Food and Agriculture . 2015.

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  • Ribosomal RNA — (rRNA) is the central component of the ribosome, the protein manufacturing machinery of all living cells. The function of the rRNA is to provide a mechanism for decoding mRNA into amino acids and to interact with the tRNAs during translation by… …   Wikipedia

  • ribosomal RNA — n. a form of RNA that is one of the constituent elements of ribosomes and is associated with messenger RNA and transfer RNA in the synthesis of proteins …   English World dictionary

  • ribosomal RNA — ribosomal RNA. См. рРНК. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Ribosomal RNA — A molecular component of a ribosome, the cell s essential protein factory. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) fabricates polypeptides (assemblies of amino acids that make up proteins). A tiny particulate structure located in the cytoplasm of the cell (outside… …   Medical dictionary

  • ribosomal RNA — noun : RNA that is a fundamental structural element of the ribosome * * * Biochem. a type of RNA, distinguished by its length and abundance, functioning in protein synthesis as a component of ribosomes. Abbr.: rRNA [1960 65; RIBOSOME + AL1] * * * …   Useful english dictionary

  • ribosomal RNA — ribosominė RNR statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Ribonukleorūgštis, kuri susijungusi su baltymu sudaro ribosomą. santrumpa( os) rRNR atitikmenys: angl. ribosomal RNA rus. рибосомная РНК …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • ribosomal RNA — noun Date: 1961 RNA that is a fundamental structural element of ribosomes called also rRNA …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • ribosomal RNA — (rRNA) The RNA present in ribosomes; ribosomes contain several sizes of single stranded rRNA that contribute to ribosome structure and are also directly involved in the mechanism of protein synthesis …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • ribosomal RNA — See RNA …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • ribosomal RNA — Biochem. a type of RNA, distinguished by its length and abundance, functioning in protein synthesis as a component of ribosomes. Abbr.: rRNA [1960 65; RIBOSOME + AL1] * * * …   Universalium

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