nucleotide

nucleotide
A nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups linked at the 3'- or 5'-hydroxyl of a pentose sugar. When the sugar is ribose, the nucleotide is a ribonucleotide; when it is 2-deoxyribose, the nucleotide is a deoxyribonucleotide. RNA and DNA are polymers of, respectively, ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates and deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates. Nucleotides containing the bases adenine, guanine and cytosine (A, G, C) occur in both DNA and RNA; thymine (T) occurs only in DNA, and uracil (U) only in RNA. Ribonucleoside mono-, di-, and triphosphates for which a specific base is not assigned are abbreviated NMP, NDP, and NTP, while deoxyribonucleoside mono-, di-, and tri-phosphates are abbreviated dNMP, dNDP, and dNTP. Otherwise, the "N" is replaced by the base letter abbreviation.

Glossary of Biotechnology for Food and Agriculture . 2015.

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  • Nucleotide — Nucléotide Les nucléotides sont des acides désoxyribonucléiques pour l ADN et ribonucléiques pour l ARN. Un nucléotide est composé de 3 parties : un groupement phosphate (ou acide phosphorique), identique pour les nucléotides de l ADN et de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • nucléotide — [ nykleɔtid ] n. m. • 1963; de nucléo et ide ♦ Biochim. Constituant élémentaire des acides nucléiques formé par un nucléoside associé à un phosphate. ● nucléotide nom masculin Molécule biologique résultant de l union d un nucléoside avec l acide… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • nucleotide — ucleotide n. a phosphate ester of a nucleoside; one of the monomeric components of DNA or RNA. [WordNet 1.5 +PJC] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • nucleotide — nucleotide. См. нуклеотид. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Nucleotide — Nucleotide, aus einer Pentose, einem Phosphorsäurerest und einer Purinbase (Adenin, Guanin) oder Pyrimidinbase (Cytosin, Thymin, Uracil) bestehende Stoffwechselregulatoren; sie dienen in Form von Adenosindiphosphat (ADP) und Adenosintriphosphat… …   Deutsch wörterbuch der biologie

  • nucleotide — (n.) 1908, from Ger. nucleotid (1908), from nucleo , modern comb. form of L. nucleus (see NUCLEUS (Cf. nucleus)) + IDE (Cf. ide), with t for the sake of euphony …   Etymology dictionary

  • nucleotide —  Nucleotide  Нуклеотид   Соединение, в состав которого входят сахар, фосфатная группа и азотсодержащее основание (пурин или пиримидин). Нуклеиновые кислоты (ДНК и РНК) представляют собой длинные полинуклеотидные цепи, которые в ДНК содержат… …   Толковый англо-русский словарь по нанотехнологии. - М.

  • nucleotide — [no͞o′klē ō tīd΄, nyo͞o′klē ō tīd΄] n. [altered < NUCLEOSIDE] 1. any of several phosphate esters of nucleosides: the basic unit of nucleic acids 2. any of several compounds not found in nucleic acids, which function as coenzymes …   English World dictionary

  • Nucleotide — Nucleotides are molecules that, when joined together, make up the structural units of RNA and DNA. In addition, nucleotides participate in cellular signaling (cGMP and cAMP), and are incorporated into important cofactors of enzymatic reactions… …   Wikipedia

  • Nucléotide — Structure des nucléotides Un nucléotide est une molécule organique composée d une nucléobase, d un pentose et de 1 à 3 groupements phosphates. Certains nucléotides forment la base de l ADN et de l ARN, d autres sont des cofacteurs ou coenzymes.… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • nucleotide — /nooh klee euh tuyd , nyooh /, n. Biochem. any of a group of molecules that, when linked together, form the building blocks of DNA or RNA: composed of a phosphate group, the bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, and a pentose sugar, in… …   Universalium

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